Leo was an extremely rules-based guy, and we almost could have guessed it by looking at his full name: Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola della Genga. That's a mouthful!

He was frugal with the papal finances, but didn't keep close accounting. He threatened Roman dressmakers with immediate excommunication if they sold immodest - low-cut or transparent - clothing. He spoke out against vaccination. And worst of all, he dug up old papal laws to justify his mistreatment of Jews, once again segregating them into ghettos and demanding they wear identifying marks.

Rome counted herself lucky that Leo only reigned for six years, from 1823 to 1829.